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Optionally (and by default) attempts to fetch corresponding row from DB. * * If $fetch is not false, there are a few different things that can happen: * - true: * load corresponding row from the database, using $params as the WHERE clause * * - DATA_OBJECT_FETCH_BY_KEY: * load corresponding row from the database, using only the $id in the WHERE clause (if set), * otherwise using the columns listed in $this->unique_fields. * * - array(): * load corresponding row from the database, using the columns listed in this array * in the WHERE clause * * @param array $params required parameters and their values for this data object * @param mixed $fetch if false, do not attempt to fetch from the database, otherwise see notes */ public function __construct($params = null, $fetch = true) { if (is_object($params)) { throw new coding_exception('data_object params should be in the form of an array, not an object'); } // If no params given, apply defaults for optional fields if (empty($params) || !is_array($params)) { self::set_properties($this, $this->optional_fields); return; } // If fetch is false, do not load from database if ($fetch === false) { self::set_properties($this, $params); return; } // Compose where clause only from fields in unique_fields if ($fetch === DATA_OBJECT_FETCH_BY_KEY && !empty($this->unique_fields)) { if (empty($params['id'])) { $where = array_intersect_key($params, array_flip($this->unique_fields)); } else { $where = array('id' => $params['id']); } // Compose where clause from given field names } else if (is_array($fetch) && !empty($fetch)) { $where = array_intersect_key($params, array_flip($fetch)); // Use entire params array for where clause } else { $where = $params; } // Attempt to load from database if ($data = $this->fetch($where)) { // Apply data from database, then data sent to constructor self::set_properties($this, $data); self::set_properties($this, $params); } else { // Apply defaults for optional fields, then data from constructor self::set_properties($this, $this->optional_fields); self::set_properties($this, $params); } } /** * Makes sure all the optional fields are loaded. * * If id present (==instance exists in db) fetches data from db. * Defaults are used for new instances. */ public function load_optional_fields() { global $DB; foreach ($this->optional_fields as $field=>$default) { if (property_exists($this, $field)) { continue; } if (empty($this->id)) { $this->$field = $default; } else { $this->$field = $DB->get_field($this->table, $field, array('id', $this->id)); } } } /** * Finds and returns a data_object instance based on params. * * This function MUST be overridden by all deriving classes. * * @param array $params associative arrays varname => value * @throws coding_exception This function MUST be overridden * @return data_object instance of data_object or false if none found. */ public static function fetch($params) { throw new coding_exception('fetch() method needs to be overridden in each subclass of data_object'); } /** * Finds and returns all data_object instances based on params. * * This function MUST be overridden by all deriving classes. * * @param array $params associative arrays varname => value * @throws coding_exception This function MUST be overridden * @return array array of data_object instances or false if none found. */ public static function fetch_all($params) { throw new coding_exception('fetch_all() method needs to be overridden in each subclass of data_object'); } /** * Factory method - uses the parameters to retrieve matching instance from the DB. * * @final * @param string $table The table name to fetch from * @param string $classname The class that you want the result instantiated as * @param array $params Any params required to select the desired row * @return object Instance of $classname or false. */ protected static function fetch_helper($table, $classname, $params) { if ($instances = self::fetch_all_helper($table, $classname, $params)) { if (count($instances) > 1) { // we should not tolerate any errors here - problems might appear later throw new \moodle_exception('morethanonerecordinfetch', 'debug'); } return reset($instances); } else { return false; } } /** * Factory method - uses the parameters to retrieve all matching instances from the DB. * * @final * @param string $table The table name to fetch from * @param string $classname The class that you want the result instantiated as * @param array $params Any params required to select the desired row * @return mixed array of object instances or false if not found */ public static function fetch_all_helper($table, $classname, $params) { $instance = new $classname(); $classvars = (array)$instance; $params = (array)$params; $wheresql = array(); $dbparams = array(); foreach ($params as $var=>$value) { if (!in_array($var, $instance->required_fields) and !array_key_exists($var, $instance->optional_fields)) { continue; } if (is_null($value)) { $wheresql[] = " $var IS NULL "; } else { $wheresql[] = " $var = ? "; $dbparams[] = $value; } } if (empty($wheresql)) { $wheresql = ''; } else { $wheresql = implode("AND", $wheresql); } global $DB; if ($datas = $DB->get_records_select($table, $wheresql, $dbparams)) { $result = array(); foreach($datas as $data) { $instance = new $classname(); self::set_properties($instance, $data); $result[$instance->id] = $instance; } return $result; } else { return false; } } /** * Updates this object in the Database, based on its object variables. ID must be set. * * @return bool success */ public function update() { global $DB; if (empty($this->id)) { debugging('Can not update data object, no id!'); return false; } $data = $this->get_record_data(); $DB->update_record($this->table, $data); $this->notify_changed(false); return true; } /** * Deletes this object from the database. * * @return bool success */ public function delete() { global $DB; if (empty($this->id)) { debugging('Can not delete data object, no id!'); return false; } $data = $this->get_record_data(); if ($DB->delete_records($this->table, array('id'=>$this->id))) { $this->notify_changed(true); return true; } else { return false; } } /** * Returns object with fields and values that are defined in database * * @return stdClass */ public function get_record_data() { $data = new stdClass(); foreach ($this as $var=>$value) { if (in_array($var, $this->required_fields) or array_key_exists($var, $this->optional_fields)) { if (is_object($value) or is_array($value)) { debugging("Incorrect property '$var' found when inserting data object"); } else { $data->$var = $value; } } } return $data; } /** * Records this object in the Database, sets its id to the returned value, and returns that value. * If successful this function also fetches the new object data from database and stores it * in object properties. * * @return int PK ID if successful, false otherwise */ public function insert() { global $DB; if (!empty($this->id)) { debugging("Data object already exists!"); return false; } $data = $this->get_record_data(); $this->id = $DB->insert_record($this->table, $data); // set all object properties from real db data $this->update_from_db(); $this->notify_changed(false); return $this->id; } /** * Using this object's id field, fetches the matching record in the DB, and looks at * each variable in turn. If the DB has different data, the db's data is used to update * the object. This is different from the update() function, which acts on the DB record * based on the object. * * @return bool True for success, false otherwise. */ public function update_from_db() { if (empty($this->id)) { debugging("The object could not be used in its state to retrieve a matching record from the DB, because its id field is not set."); return false; } global $DB; if (!$params = $DB->get_record($this->table, array('id' => $this->id))) { debugging("Object with this id:{$this->id} does not exist in table:{$this->table}, can not update from db!"); return false; } self::set_properties($this, $params); return true; } /** * Given an associated array or object, cycles through each key/variable * and assigns the value to the corresponding variable in this object. * * @final * @param data_object $instance * @param array $params */ public static function set_properties(&$instance, $params) { $params = (array) $params; foreach ($params as $var => $value) { if (in_array($var, $instance->required_fields) or array_key_exists($var, $instance->optional_fields)) { $instance->$var = $value; } } } /** * Called immediately after the object data has been inserted, updated, or * deleted in the database. Default does nothing, can be overridden to * hook in special behaviour. * * @param bool $deleted Set this to true if it has been deleted. */ public function notify_changed($deleted) { } }